Square foot gardening divides a bed into a grid and plants each square at a fixed density: one tomato, four lettuces, nine beans or sixteen carrots. It packs a lot into a small bed and makes planning visual.
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Enter your bed size and list the crops you want, with how many squares each gets and plants per square. The planner draws the grid, colours each crop and totals the plants, warning you if you have planned more squares than the bed holds.
grid = floor(length ÷ square size) × floor(width ÷ square size) plants per crop = squares × plants per square free squares = grid squares − squares planned
Plants per square are perfect squares (1, 4, 9, 16) so they sit in neat rows within each square.
A 4 × 4 ft bed has 16 squares. Two squares of tomatoes (1 each), two of peppers (1 each), four of lettuce (4 each), three of bush beans (9 each), two of carrots (16 each) and three of basil (4 each) fill all 16 squares with 91 plants.
Typical guides are 1 for large plants like tomatoes and peppers, 4 for lettuce and chard, 9 for bush beans and spinach, and 16 for carrots and radishes.
4 × 4 ft (1.2 × 1.2 m) is the classic size: you can reach the middle from any side without stepping on the soil.
About 15 cm (6 in) of good mix is the traditional minimum; 30 cm (12 in) gives more room for roots.
Yes, one indeterminate tomato per square, trained up a vertical support.